Glow-worm larvae bioluminescence (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) operates as an aposematic signal upon toads (Bufo bufo)

Analysis of survival probabilities of female common toads, Bufo bufo

Cardiovascular and behavioural changes during water absorption in toads, Bufo alvarius and Bufo marinus.

Blood cell flux (BCF) in the pelvic skin of Bufo marinus was lower than Bufo alvarius when toads rehydrated from deionised water (DI) or 50 mmol l-1 NaCl (NaCl). Despite the lower BCF in B. marinus, water absorption was not different between the species when toads rehydrated from DI or NaCl. When fluid contact was limited to the pelvic skin, water uptake from NaCl was lower than from DI, but be...

Dynamic Vision System: Modeling the Prey Recognition of Common Toads Bufo Bufo

The tectal structures underlying the prey-catching of toads are one of the best-known mechanisms in neurobiology. In our paper we present a simpliied model of the prey recognition of the common toad Bufo bufo.We show that the recognition performance can be explained by coupling two neuron layers that exhibit locally excitatory interaction while there is a topographic inhibition between the laye...

Functional morphology of lingual protrusion in marine toads (Bufo marinus).

Bufo marinus catches its prey by stiffening the intrinsic muscles of the tongue, rapidly flipping the tongue out of the mouth. High-speed cinematography synchronized with computer-analyzed electromyograms (EMGs)shows that during the flip the tongue is supported by the M. genioglossus medialis and that this muscle stiffens into a rod when stimulated. Coincident stiffening of the transversely arr...

Instream Movements by Boreal Toads (Bufo boreas boreas)

27 Twitty 1940; Nussbaum 1969). Our observations suggest that hyporheic zones might provide important and not previously recognized habitats for amphibians in intermittent headwater streams. Additional sampling is needed to better characterize hyporheic use by Dicamptodon and other stream amphibians such as the torrent salamanders (Rhyacotriton spp.). Better information notwithstanding, managem...